Currently, although we must admit that there are still a considerable number of bias and discrimination happening in most places in the world towards the women who study the natural science, like the inequal treatment between women and men, the overall situation, in contrast to 18th and 19th ,is better for women. There are a number of female scientists who are contributing to their power to botany and other fields in natural science, proving to the world that sex could not determine the success of individuals.
1.Tu yoyo, a Chinese female botanist, has been engaged in the research on the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine for many years, and her outstanding contribution is to create new anti-malarial drugs named artemisinin. In 1972, the crystal (C15H22O5) was successfully extracted and named artemisinin. In September, 2011, because artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria, saved the lives of millions of people around the world, especially in developing countries, it won the Lasker Award and the "outstanding achievement award in life science" of GlaxoSmithKline China R & D center [8]. In October 2015, she won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for her discovery of artemisinin, which can effectively reduce the mortality of malaria patients. She became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in science.
2.Alice ball, an American botanist, was the first woman to obtain a master's degree from the University of Hawaii and the first African American. Later, she became the first female professor of chemistry at the University. At the age of 23, Bohr invented a groundbreaking treatment for leprosy. There was little possibility of cure for this disease in the past.
Before Bauer studied leprosy, the best treatment available was licorice essence oil. This essence oil was difficult for patients to absorb or use locally, and it was too thick to be injected. While working as a research assistant at calish hospital in Hawaii, Bauer developed an easy to inject leprosy essential oil. This essential oil eventually saved countless lives. Until the 1940s, it was the best way to treat leprosy.
Unfortunately, she died before she could publish the research results. The president of the University of Hawaii even tried to claim that the research was his own. Later, Bauer's former mentor publicly said that she should be honored for the life-saving injection. It was not until the 21st century that her achievements were fully recognized. The University of Hawaii announced that it officially recognized her research contributions and designated February 29 as "Alice Bauer day".
3.Barbara McClintock, an American botanist, has made several groundbreaking discoveries in the field of genetics during her decades of research on the genetic structure of maize.
McClintock studied how genetic characteristics are passed from generation to generation. She found that genes can move positions on chromosomes, that is, they can "transpose" and "beat".
In the 1940s and 1950s, McClintock's research revealed that genetic elements sometimes moved on chromosomes, leading to the activation of nearby genes. Her "jumping gene" theory points out that genes can jump from one position of chromosome to another, or even from one chromosome to another. But it was not until decades later that scientists other than corn experts understood and realized the great value of her discovery.
McClintock was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1971 and the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1983.
From the three female botanists, I wish more females’ work in every field could be confirmed and qualified. And I also believe this is most females’ dreams.